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Abstracts of Oral Presentations Kanto Conference

Event Name Abstracts of Oral Presentations Kanto Conference

<O-01>
Make Seikou Gakuin a ZES (Zero Energy School)

Principal Investigator: Asashige Takizawa
Joint Researchers: Atsushi Takaura, Ryosuke Shinchi
Affiliation: Seiko Gakuin High School

Research Field: 01. environment

<要旨>
Interested in creating a building that responds to recent environmental issues, we reduced the power consumption of Seikogakuin's school building, which consumes an enormous amount of electricity, by using windows with high thermal insulation performance and air conditioners that fit the room volume to make it an eco-friendly building. Comparing the cost of the project with the electricity costs that could be reduced, a plan was created to qualify the school building as a Zero Energy Building (ZEB) to the extent that it would be profitable, and the data was verified using webpro to see if it met the ZEB criteria.

Research Outline>
We had the opportunity to hear about the ZEB project that Toda Corporation, a company that we have worked with on other projects, is currently focusing on. We thought that the spread of Zero Energy Buildings (ZEB) could have a great impact on the world's energy and environmental problems, and we thought that if Seikou Gakuin, which consumes a lot of energy in the buildings around us, became a ZEB, the amount of electricity we could reduce would also increase. Therefore, as the first step of our research, we will create a plan for Seikogakuin to become a ZEB. The first objective is to create a plan that will be recognized as ZEB by webpro while making a profit by comparing the cost of installing the equipment and the electricity bill of the plan. The final goal is to realize this plan at the school, and to achieve this goal, we will use the feedback from the teachers who are currently helping us and from this presentation, and with the cooperation of Toda Corporation, we will create the best plan possible.

<One of my favorite points
If we can create a tool that shows how much electricity consumption reduction can be expected, how much cost can be cut, and whether the building can be recognized as ZEB by simply looking it up from the design drawings and inputting the data, we can expect to increase awareness of ZEB and increase the number of cases of its implementation in schools. By reducing electricity consumption in schools nationwide, we could contribute to energy issues. Another feature of this study is that it focuses on the cost of electricity and equipment installation, and also emphasizes whether or not it is profitable. If we can market the fact that we can contribute to energy issues while also making a profit, it will encourage many people to cooperate.

<O-02>
A New Processing Method for Waste Soy Sauce Using Euglena and Clams

Principal Investigator: Kensho Waki
Co-researcher: Reimasa Takemoto
Affiliation: Joto High School attached to Fukuoka Institute of Technology

Research Field:05. Chemistry

<要旨>
This research was conducted to efficiently cultivate euglena, which contains abundant nutrients, by using diluted waste soy sauce, and to use the cultivated euglena as food for clams and other bivalve mollusks, as well as to process waste soy sauce. Furthermore, a comparison of amino acids in clams fed with Euglena was conducted, and it was found that the clams tasted better than natural ones when fed with Euglena. However, since this research was conducted using the same dilution ratio as the activated sludge method originally used, further research was conducted to improve efficiency and reduce the amount of water used during dilution.

Research Outline>
About eight years ago, we conducted basic experiments on euglena itself, such as how it multiplies at different wavelengths of light. Then, about four years ago, we began to think about the possibility of utilizing euglena in the real world, and focused our attention on waste soy sauce (in this study, we refer to expired soy sauce). Soy sauce manufacturers are located in various regions and have played an important role in local food culture, but the business environment is becoming increasingly difficult due to declining demand caused by changes in consumption patterns and other factors. Among these, waste soy sauce is treated using the activated sludge method with aerobic organisms because of its dark color and rich organic matter, but the cost of electricity and water has become a burden. Soy sauce has a high salt concentration of about 16-18%, but is an excellent food rich in high-quality protein. Euglena, on the other hand, is an algae with photosynthetic ability that can accumulate high concentrations of amino acids, vitamins, and other nutrients essential to human life. By cultivating this euglena in waste soy sauce and using it as food for clams and other clams, we decided to contribute to the preservation of food culture and regional revitalization by processing waste soy sauce at a lower cost.

<One of my favorite points
The interesting point of this research is that, although the research was initially only about euglena, the idea was to process soy sauce with euglena and clams, which have little relation to each other, for use in the real world. If we succeed in this research, we believe it will be a groundbreaking study that will contribute greatly to regional revitalization by reducing the cost of soy sauce processing and also by breeding clams.

<O-03>
Are cockroaches right-handed?

Principal Investigator: Ayayuki Oda
Affiliation: Secondary School attached to the Faculty of Education, The University of Tokyo

Research Field:04. Biology

<要旨>
We thought that cockroaches might be right-handed or left-handed, and with the aim of confirming this, we conducted an experiment in which we cut the antennae of cockroaches to make them search for food. Sixty percent of males and 80% of females of cockroaches with only the left antennae cut reached the food, whereas only 20% of both males and females of cockroaches with only the right antennae cut reached the food. This suggested that cockroaches rely more on their right antennae than their left to find food, i.e., they may be right-handed.

Research Outline>
Animals are also known to be right-handed or left-handed. An example is the left-right difference in the predatory behavior of fish, but there are only a few cases in which left-right differences in behavior have been confirmed. When I observed the characteristic long, actively moving antennae of the cockroaches I originally kept, I noticed that the antennae moved independently from left to right. I then thought that cockroaches might also be right-handed or left-handed. Therefore, he began his research with the aim of confirming whether cockroaches are right-handed or left-handed. Since the antennae are organs that can sense smells, etc., individuals with both antennae reach the food the fastest, all individuals reach the food, individuals with both antennae cut off cannot reach the food, and individuals with only the right antennae cut off and individuals with only the left antennae cut off take significantly longer to reach the food than individuals with only the right antennae cut off. If there is a significant difference in the time it takes to reach the food and the percentage of individuals that reach the food, we hypothesize that there are right-handed and left-handed cockroach antennae.

<One of my favorite points
I originally found Argentine newt cockroaches cute and kept them. Therefore, I am accustomed to handling cockroaches, which are generally disliked, and was able to conduct this research. During the fasting period, many cockroaches died, but I was able to overcome these difficulties through trial and error. I also used UMA Tracker, a free behavior analysis software, to draw the trajectory of the cockroaches until they reached the food source.

<O-04>
In Vivo and In Vitro Changes Induced by Sex Change in Fishes and Their Application to Sex Identification

Principal Investigator: Yusei Minagawa
Co-researchers: Jiale Song and Ryoue Kamei
Affiliation: Asano Junior & Senior High School

Research Field:04. Biology

<要旨>
In this study, we will use cucurbits, which change sex during growth, to conduct research from three perspectives: (1) factors affecting sex change, (2) the time required for sex change, and (3) application of blood sampling to sex identification. Since cucumbers change sex according to individual maturity, we will clarify (1) and (2) based on differences in maturity by conducting long-term rearing with different numbers of individuals, etc., and apply (3) by conducting periodic blood sampling. In addition, we will measure body length, body color, and blood cell counts of various individuals in the field (fishing) to eliminate errors among individuals.

Research Outline>
In recent years, the number of fish species inhabiting the oceans has been declining due to global warming and water pollution, so artificial propagation of fish species is considered necessary. However, many fish species change sex midway through their lives, and many of them are visually indistinguishable from one another. Therefore, we thought about the difference between male and female fishes in order to create an indicator to determine the sex of marine organisms without killing them. At that time, we learned from a class on blood that the number of blood cells differs depending on the sex, and wondered if this could be applied to fish as well. Since there are differences in blood cell counts between male and female mammals, we thought that there might be differences in blood cell counts in fish as well (a previous study showed differences in blood cell counts between male and female medaka fish). If blood cell counts can be determined through blood sampling, it will be possible to identify fish species that are difficult to distinguish by body color without damaging them, and it will be possible to increase the number of species that have been difficult to breed, thereby preserving marine diversity.

<One of my favorite points
I have always been interested in marine animals since I was a child and still enjoy going fishing. In researching my favorite bears, I found out that they are sex-changing organisms, and that the cucumbers I often see when fishing are similarly sex-changing fish species. When I learned in biology class that the number of blood cells and biological responses differ depending on the sex, I wanted to find out what kind of differences there are in fish. The interesting thing about this study is that the target fish, the cucumber, is a fish with many mysteries, as it has been reported that it dives into the sand and sleeps on its side, and that it mimics body color to trick its mates into reproductive behavior.

<O-05>
Search for microorganisms producing new antibiotics

Principal Investigator: Kentaro Tsuda
Collaborative Researcher: Yumika Hosoya
Affiliation: Mita Kokusai Gakuen High School

Research Field: 04. biology, 05. chemistry

<要旨>
In this study, we isolated actinomycetes from soil and measured their antimicrobial activity with the aim of discovering new microbial antibiotics. In addition, morphological images of all isolates were collected during these processes. As a result, we obtained strains with antimicrobial activity. In the future, we will compile the collected image data, antimicrobial activity assay, and 16S rRNA analysis results into a library to make it possible to determine microorganisms by image analysis at the isolation stage.

Research Outline>
To date, more than 20,000 antibiotics have been identified from microorganisms, more than half of which are produced by actinomycetes. Currently, it is thought that only about 1% of all microorganisms have been isolated, and it is possible to find new microorganism-derived antibiotics by finding microorganisms that have not been isolated. In general microbial isolation, colonies are collected visually on agar media, but the accuracy is low and new antibiotic-producing microorganisms may be missed. In order to efficiently and accurately isolate actinomycetes, we thought it might be possible to distinguish between antibiotic-producing actinomycetes and other microorganisms by recording all subsequent growth patterns along with micrographs of colonies before isolation and applying image analysis using machine learning.

<One of my favorite points
I was attracted by the fact that bacteria that produce antibiotics can be collected from soil. If microorganisms producing new antibiotics are found in this research, it is expected to cure diseases that have not been cured so far. Furthermore, if we can create an efficient method for isolating microorganisms that have only been isolated for about 1%, we can expect to isolate unknown microorganisms, and this research has many possibilities to contribute to future medicine.

<O-06>
Structural features and evolution of SARS-CoV-2

Principal Investigator: Natsumi Kiso
Collaborative Researchers: Rinako Iguchi, Miu Ueno
Affiliation: Tokyo Gakugei University International Secondary School

Research Field: 04. biology, 06. physics, 09. medical

<要旨>
In this study, we utilized "Jmol" and "Cytoscape" to visualize the structural patterns of the Fulin-like cleavage sites (FLCs) of SARS-CoV-2 (hereafter referred to as SARS2) and the systematic network of the genome. The results show that there are nine FLCs in SARS2, which is consistent with the fact that there are nine clusters in the worldwide reported genome of SARS2 as revealed by the network analysis.

Research Outline>
At first, we were very interested in SARS2 because it was a danger that lurked in our daily lives and because it was still a mysterious virus. However, we believed that it was a research subject that was difficult for the general public to reach because of the specialized knowledge and skills required. However, I thought that research using free platforms such as Jmol and Cytoscape might make it possible to study seemingly difficult subjects such as SARS2, and so I started this research. By conducting this research, we will be able to make new discoveries about major global issues such as the COVID-19 pandemic, and also expand the possibilities for small-scale research conducted by high school students like us. Since SARS2 has caused the largest pandemic among coronaviruses (hereafter referred to as CoVs), we hypothesized that its many FLC structural patterns may have a great deal to do with the expansion of clusters in the global genome.

<One of my favorite points
Our research topic is of tremendous interest to us because it is one of the most extensively researched topics in the world today. In addition, there are two major attractions to this research. First, the research method uses tools that can be used by anyone, which opens up the possibility of research by high school students. Furthermore, we believe that the topic of this study is of great interest because it is about the new coronavirus, which is currently the hottest topic of the day.

<O-07>
Potential of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Pine Needles

Principal Investigator: MIZAKURA Hyogo
Collaborative researcher: Yurika Tsukamoto, Yui Sasamoto
Affiliation: Shizuoka Agricultural High School

Research Field: 04. biology, 10. food

<要旨>
Objective: To research pine needles using the knowledge gained in the class, develop and sell products based on the results, and aim to preserve the environment of Miho Matsubara. Hypothesis: If lactic acid bacteria, which have been attracting attention in recent years for their various functions and wide range of uses, are isolated and utilized in products, it may be possible to produce a value-added specialty product. Results: Three types of lactic acid bacteria were successfully isolated from pine needles, and their safety and ability were verified. In addition, food production using these lactic acid bacteria was conducted. Discussion: Lactobacilli collected from pine needles on the sea side may have excellent salt tolerance because they are exposed to sea breezes.

Research Outline>
Objective: To research pine needles using knowledge gained in food science and microorganism utilization classes, and based on the results, develop and market products using knowledge from food production classes, aiming to preserve the environment of Miho Matsubara, a World Heritage site in their community. Background: Miho Matsubara, which was registered as a World Heritage site in 2013, has become a problem because the disposal of dead and fallen pine needles is costly and a heavy burden on the community. In addition, there is concern that the pine needles on the ground are not being treated, leading to eutrophication, which in turn leads to pine dieback (it is reported that this has reduced the number of pine trees from about 50,000 to about 30,000). In order to solve these problems, activities were initiated with the goal of producing and selling specialty products utilizing pine needles and returning the profits to the community. Hypothesis: If products using pine needles could be sold and profits returned to the community, the burden on the community would decrease and the community would be revitalized.

<One of my favorite points
Reason for interest: When I saw the research on yeast isolated from pine needles that was being conducted when I entered high school, I was surprised that microorganisms could be collected from pine needles, and I wanted to do research activities myself. I also found it fun to be able to contribute to the environmental preservation of Miho Matsubara, a place close to me, by using the knowledge I gained in the class. Interesting: The microorganisms collected from pine needles have the potential to become a special product of Miho Matsubara.

<O-08>
Azimuth and altitude estimation of the Nasmyth Telescope using deep learning

Principal Investigator: Kamon Pat Inthawong
Affiliation: Ibaraki National College of Technology

Research Field: 11. Mathematical and Information Sciences

<要旨>
This project is to develop a technique to automatically derive where in the sky the telescope is pointing from a star image in the field of view of a high-magnification telescope through image recognition by AI using deep learning technology, which has attracted much attention recently. At the present stage, we have succeeded in recognizing constellations in test data that is wide enough to show the entire constellation (low magnification) with the highest average accuracy of 0.970. In the future, we will increase the magnification of the test data, step up to a system that obtains coordinates in the celestial coordinate system, and study conditions to maintain a high recognition rate.

Research Outline>
The Nasmyth telescope is a telescope that allows wheelchair users to safely observe celestial objects because the eyepiece is located on the telescope's altitude axis of rotation and the height of the eyepiece is constant regardless of the object being observed. Therefore, we are developing a portable 40cm Nasmyth telescope under the concept of "Observatory-class telescope for people in wheelchairs. The existing manual Nasmyth telescope has been motorized and improved to enable automatic introduction and tracking, and although it is not yet perfect, it has reached a level where it can be used in actual observing sessions, and we are actually conducting astronomical observing sessions at special needs schools. However, when using this system, it is necessary to align the Nasmyth telescope with the constellation software at least once, and it is very difficult and time-consuming to get the target stars into the field of view of the Nasmyth telescope due to its narrow field of view. Therefore, we decided to develop a system that automatically determines where in the sky the telescope is pointing based on the images of stars visible in the telescope's field of view. We thought that deep learning technology, which has been attracting attention in recent years, could be used as a technology for this purpose.

<One of my favorite points
The impetus for the initiation is the technical problems faced in astronomical observations with Nasmyth-type telescopes. However, the system to be developed is not limited to the Nasmyth telescope, but can be used for all telescopes. Recently, astronomical observations are not conducted by looking through a telescope with the eyes, but by using a PC to observe images from a camera attached to the telescope, which is convenient for using my developed system. By simply pointing the telescope at the sky, you can see where the telescope is pointing. Children will no longer have to use the telescope that their parents bought for them because they can't master it!