Abstracts of the presentation themes for the 2014 Tokyo Conference are now available.

• Tokyo Conference Oral Presentations
• Tokyo Conference Poster Presentation
• Kansai Conference Oral Presentation
• Kansai Conference Poster Presentation

Science Castle is looking for middle and high school students and teachers who wish to attend the presentations. Not only can you attend the presentations listed below, but you can also communicate directly with the junior high and high school students and teachers involved in the research. Please apply for participation below.
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*Presentation times are subject to change.

List of Abstracts of Oral Presentation Themes for Tokyo Conference

Morning Session

10:00 Inclusion Compounds ( Ibaraki Prefectural Midorioka High School Chemistry Club )

In this research, we are studying the reaction mechanism of cyclodextrins, known as "inclusion compounds," with various guest molecules. We compared the differences in color when phenolphthalein and methyl orange, known as acid/base indicators, were incorporated into cyclodextrins, and the differences in aroma when menthol and horseradish were incorporated into cyclodextrins. For each of them, we aim to chemically examine the reactions under different conditions, such as temperature and concentration. [/box] [box color="lgray"]

10:10 Why Plants Secret Acid Phosphatase ( 2nd year of Biology Research Club, Nirasaki High School, Yamanashi, Japan )

Amariyama in Nirasaki City, Japan, the recent decline of the Renge azalea community has become a problem. We thought that the cause was related to an enzyme called acid phosphatase (abbreviated as APase) secreted by the roots of plants. The following results were obtained from six experiments using lupine (Lupinus albus) as a sample, including whether the roots really secrete APase and the optimum pH: APase is secreted by the entire root, its activity is high in acidic conditions, and the roots secrete APase only when they are phosphate deficient. Its enzymatic activity increased with time and was maintained for a long period of time, which may increase phosphate recovery and make it suitable for survival. The APase of lupin has a Km of 3 mM and appears to have a moderate affinity for the substrate. [/box] [box color="lgray"]

10:20 Germination rate decreases when onion seeds are rolled after sowing ( Saitama Prefectural Sugito High School Science Club )

To observe somatic cell division in root apical meristem tissue, onion seeds were sown on filter paper in petri dishes and the seeds were rolled and neatly aligned. The germination rate of the rolled seeds was then significantly lower than that of the seeds that were just sown. We were intrigued by this phenomenon and conducted several experiments to investigate the cause. We found that it was not the rotation of the seeds when they were rolled, but the friction between the seeds and the filter paper that was responsible for the lower germination rate. However, upon closer examination, we found that the pressure applied during friction was the cause of the lower germination rate. [/box] [box color="lgray"]

10:30 Observing Session for Elementary School Students ( Tokyo Metropolitan Hakuo Senior High School Astronomy Club )

Last year, we participated in the "Vixen Astronomy Club" sponsored by Libanes and worked on a program to plan and conduct observing parties for local elementary schools. This year, we welcomed new members and increased the number of members, and were able to go to a summer camp for the first time in two years. We are planning to hold the third observing session at the beginning of the new year. We are planning to hold a third observing session in the new year. [/box] [box color="lgray"]

10:40 Can we use Drosophila melanogaster as a natural test tube ( 2nd year of Biology Research Club, Yamanashi Prefectural Nirasaki High School )

In researching the link between stress and lifespan, I learned that iron is associated with cellular aging. Using Drosophila flies as natural test tubes, we investigated whether feeding them iron would change their lifespan and stress levels. To ensure that the flies were absorbing the substance mixed into the medium, we added Fe₂⁺The results of the Fe determination were as follows. The results showed that Fe₂⁺was found to be absorbed and accumulated. Furthermore, the lifespan was significantly shortened, indicating that Fe₂⁺This is thought to be the effect of cellular senescence caused by We are currently attempting to establish a system to quantify the mutagenicity of iron using a strain whose wing hair phenotype is abnormal when the gene is mutated. In the future, we would like to analyze the cytotoxicity of food additives. [/box] [box color="lgray"]

10:50 Your Unknown Usubaki Dragonfly ( Kumon International School Junior & Senior High School Biology Club )

The Biology Department of the school has been conducting research on the ecology of Usubaki damselflies, which come from overseas and migrate through Japan in a generational cycle. This year, we studied the seasonal size, number of eggs, sex ratio, genes, etc., focusing on data from Kanagawa Prefecture. The results will be presented. [/box] [box color="lgray"]

11:00 Effects of cosmic radiation and gamma rays on plant growth (Hiratsuka Agricultural High School)

We conducted a cultivation test using tomato seeds that had stayed in the space environment. As a result, we noticed a difference in growth compared to the ground-based comparison group, and since the growth was uniform on average, we hypothesized that this was due to the production of growth hormones. Currently, we are working on protein analysis using two-dimensional electrophoresis in order to provide scientific proof. The radiation experiment on tomato seeds will be a valuable activity to confirm the effects of radiation and report them to many people. And we would like to deepen the correct knowledge and understanding of the biological effects of radiation and disseminate them to the radiation problem. [/box] [box color="lgray"]

11:10 Making Carrots from Carrots! Plant tissue culture experiment! ( Keiai Gakuen High School Science Research Club )

We are conducting research on plant tissue culture. The experimental method is to take the growth point of a plant, plant it in a medium mixed with plant hormones, and allow it to dedifferentiate. The plants are then re-differentiated, planted in sterilized soil, and cultured to produce cloned plants. In the experiment, carrots and asparagus are used as samples to examine the conditions necessary for dedifferentiation and re-differentiation. For dedifferentiation, it has been found that plants are more likely to dedifferentiate when cultured without light exposure. Regarding re-differentiation, cytokinin induces root differentiation, while auxin induces bud differentiation. We are also conducting experiments to determine the effect of ultraviolet light on callus differentiation. As soon as the roots and shoots are clearly formed, they will be planted in sterilized soil. [/box] [box color="lgray"]

11:20 Hokoni Water Purification Project ( Ibaraki Prefectural Hokota Daini High School Biology Club )

We had an artificial pond at our school, which was very dirty, so we wanted to clean the pond water and searched for materials that could purify the water quality, provided that they were inexpensive, easily available, and would not alter the local ecosystem.₂^–NO.₃^–components, but it was also found to increase COD. To improve this, an experiment was conducted using a combination of pumice stone, which purifies the COD component, and it was found that in the pine cone, COD and NO₃^–In the case of pine charcoal, COD, NO₂^–NO.₃^–In the case of the ito melon, the COD, NO₂^–PO₄^3-In the case of ito-kuri charcoal, it was found that a high purification effect was obtained in all components. [/box] [box color="lgray"]

11:30 How thick does ethylene make bean sprouts? ( Keiai Gakuen High School Science Research Club )

While conducting research on the vitality of bean sprouts, which grow without photosynthesis, he learned that edible bean sprout factories use ethylene, a plant hormone, to grow thicker bean sprouts. Based on this, we are investigating the relationship between ethylene and bean sprouts' growth by comparing bean sprouts processed with ethylene and those without ethylene. Mung bean sprouts were prepared from mung bean, a common edible bean sprout, and ethylene-processed using an ethylene-producing apple. In the pre-germination processing, germination was suppressed by ethylene and did not grow well. Since a large amount of ethylene also suppressed germination, we are investigating post-germination processing using can-type ethylene, the amount of which can be adjusted. [/box] [box color="lgray"]

11:40 Creating a natural herbicide ( Biology Club, Ibaraki Prefectural Hokota Daini High School )

The purpose of this study was to create a natural herbicide using allelopathy of Japanese knotweed, and we attempted to make effective use of Japanese knotweed and to create a herbicide that is friendly to humans and the environment. In this study, as a germination experiment, we investigated the method for efficiently extracting the inhibitory component of Japanese knotweed and its effect. In addition, as a field survey, we covered the weeds that had been cut using the extraction method in the germination experiment and observed their growth. As a result, both the germination experiment and the field study showed that the extract of Japanese knotweed was able to inhibit the germination growth of seeds and weeds, and that the extraction efficiency of the inhibitory components was better in the order of ethanol extraction, boiling, and water extraction. [/box] [box color="lgray"]

11:50 Measurement of Antibacterial Effects of Natural Foods on Food Poisoning Bacteria ( Yamamura Gakuen Yamamura International High School, Biology Club )

Motive: Manuka honey is a natural food found in New Zealand, where I went on a school trip. It contains antibacterial active ingredients. Therefore, we tested the extent of its antimicrobial effect (hypothesis) using four types of food poisoning bacteria.
Manuka honey and normal honey with different antimicrobial active ingredient values were used. The antimicrobial effect was measured by the paper disc method, comparing the inhibition circle that inhibited the growth of food poisoning bacteria. The properties of the antimicrobial active ingredients were also tested.
The higher the antibacterial activity of Manuka honey, the stronger the antibacterial effect against food poisoning bacteria, indicating a relationship between the antibacterial activity and antibacterial effect. On the other hand, normal honey showed almost no antimicrobial effect. The antimicrobial active ingredient was found to be water soluble and heat sensitive. [/box]

Afternoon Session

13:00 Approaching the Moon's Brightness like a Bon Festival ( Lifelong Learning Center Heartopia Anpachi (Observatory) Heartopia Anpachi Junior Astronomy Club )

For the 2012 annular solar eclipse, we studied the peripheral attenuation of the Sun. Peripheral attenuation is a phenomenon in which the periphery is darker than the center. However, the moon's brightness is bright all the way to the periphery and can be compared to a tray. This question led him to begin research on the brightness of the moon. I took photographs of the moon at various lunar ages and took photometry at several locations on land. Using Gnomon, he experimentally determined the incident altitude of sunlight, the altitude of reflection to the earth, and the azimuthal angle at those locations. In addition, reflection experiments were conducted at various angles using several materials such as paper, which were compared to the lunar surface, in an experimental apparatus of my own design. These measurements revealed that the moon's topsoil is similar to sandpaper and that the reflections are highly scattering. By comparing the characteristics of lunar topsoil regolith and sandpaper, we discussed the tray-like lunar glow. [/box] [box color="lgray"]

13:10 Where are the powerful biodegradable plastic-degrading bacteria? ( Keiai Gakuen High School, Science Research Club, Biodegradable Plastic Group )

Biodegradable plastics are completely decomposed into water and carbon dioxide by certain microorganisms. They are also environmentally friendly because they do not need to be incinerated at the time of disposal. We set out to find powerful biodegradable plastic-degrading bacteria. We collected degrading bacteria mainly from soil and plants in familiar places, identified them, and measured their degrading ability. As a result, we were able to find decomposers, and found that most of the decomposers we found on plants were not plant-specific species, but were ubiquitous in soil, human skin, etc. In addition, decomposers have a high decomposition rate. In addition, it was found that the decomposing bacteria have different rates of decomposition. Based on these results, we concluded that it is possible to search for decomposers using these methods. We will continue to collect the bacteria and improve the degradation test in order to find more potent degrading bacteria. [/box] [box color="lgray"]

13:20 Genetic Disturbance in Aizu Medaka: Protect Local Medaka ( Fukushima Prefectural Aizu Gakuho Junior & Senior High School SSH Exploration Club Medaka Group )

The killifish is a freshwater fish native to Japan. However, various causes have led to a decline in its population, and it is now listed as a critically endangered species. Furthermore, in recent years, the progression of genetic disturbance has become a new problem. We focused on the "Aizu killifish," a wild killifish that has been inhabiting the Aizu region for a long time, to investigate genetic disturbance because of the genetic differences among wild killifish in different regions (Takehana et al., 2003). Medaka were collected from various locations in Aizu, and DNA was extracted and purified.
The band pattern was then confirmed by RFLP method. The results confirmed that the Aizu killifish, a local endemic species, is undergoing genetic disturbance due to hybridization with non-native killifish. [/box] [box color="lgray"]

13:30 The Secret of Sound from a Bottle ( Yurihonjo Municipal Dewa Junior High School Science Club )

I came up with this theme when I heard the sound of juice being poured into a glass. The height of that sound varied depending on the shape of the bottle. We began our research by selecting distinctive bottles from a collection of bottles collected from a recycling center. The results showed that (1) the pitch of the sound is inversely proportional to the length of the neck of the bottle. (2) The sound is generated at the moment when the air entering the bottle is broken by the blow of water and leaves. (3) The existence of the "g," "k," and "n" sounds. These are the graphs and images derived from the experimental results. These were scientifically proven by using graphs derived from experimental results and comparisons of data obtained from video images and sound waveform data. Many new discoveries sprang from the fascination of this interesting subject, making the research a fulfilling experience. [/box] [box color="lgray"]

13:40 Application of Hearing Aid Technology to Earphones ( Hiroo Gakuen High School Volunteers )

Research method: Ear molds are taken with silicone resin. Make a mold of the earphone in two different states by opening and closing the mouth. Based on this ear mold, a case is made with UV curable resin. The receiver is built into the shell, and the earphone is made. Measure the left and right frequency characteristics of the earphones.
RESULTS: As for the shells, the ear molds taken with the mouth open were thicker and more sealed than those taken with the mouth closed. The sound was heard louder with the addition of sound transmission by bone conduction as well as air conduction. In addition, calculations confirmed that the sound pressure was louder the closer the earphone was to the eardrum from the sound port of the earphone. As for the sound, the left and right sides had the same characteristics and were aligned by frequency response measurement equipment. [/box] [box color="lgray"]

13:50 Distribution Survey of Aizu Earthworms and Correlation between Earthworms and Water Resistant Dumplings ( Aizu Gakuho Junior & Senior High School SSH Exploratory Team, Fukushima Prefectural Aizu Gakuho Junior & Senior High School )

In conducting a survey of earthworm distribution in the region, we focused our attention on "water-resistant dumplings" that earthworms create when they defecate. The objective of this study was to clarify the relationship between water-tolerant sludge on the ground and the number of earthworms, and to establish an efficient method for conducting the survey. Individuals collected were also identified, and trends by species were confirmed. Soil and earthworms were collected at 14 sites around Aizuwakamatsu City. The soil samples were separated by a prescribed method to determine the percentage of water-resistant clusters in the total. Earthworms were classified by morphological characteristics to confirm the correlation between the two. The results showed a clear correlation between the two, proving the correctness of the hypothesis. [/box] [box color="lgray"]

14:00 Whereabouts of Memory of Planaria ( Keiai Gakuen High School Science Research Club )

Planaria have the ability to remember what they have learned, and Tal and Michael (2013) presented results of an experiment that seemed to indicate that "memories remain in individuals in which learned planaria have been amputated and their tails have been regenerated. In response to this, we would like to investigate in which part of the tail the memories of planaria remain. This time, we conducted a preparatory experiment in which we divided planaria into two groups: one group learned that food was available in an uneven environment, and the other group learned that food was available in a light environment. In the future, we would like to confirm whether or not the learned planaria retain their memories by cutting them open, and if so, whether or not there are parts of the planaria that do not retain their memories. [/box] [box color="lgray"]

14:10 Examination and Promotion of Culture Media Composition by Mycorrhizal Cultivation of Jew's ear fungus ( Hiratsuka Agricultural High School, Kanagawa Prefectural Agricultural Club, Microorganism Utilization Research Group )

Wood waste from "coral trees" no longer needed in the school orchard can only be used as compost. Since it was a waste, we considered using it as a culture medium for kikurage mushroom bed cultivation. At the same time, bamboo, which would otherwise be thrown away, was added to the culture medium, and a comparative study was conducted. Afterwards, we reported on our research to the general public at a school festival, and also had them experience mycorrhizal fungus cultivation in an effort to promote the use of mycorrhizal fungi. [/box] [box color="lgray"]

14:20 Changes in basalt due to repeated wetting and drying of water ( Planet Science Club, Kamata Junior High School, Ota-ku, Tokyo )

Since last year, we have been conducting an experiment in which basalt is subjected to repeated wetting and drying of purified water. As a result of this experiment, white fine powder was produced on the surface of the basalt and at the bottom of the beaker containing the basalt, and it was found that the white fine powder increased as the number of wet-drying cycles increased. These fines were observed with microscopy and electron microscopy (see image). In addition, the chemical composition of the fine powder was measured by EDS. The results showed that the fine powder contained a large amount of sodium chloride. Such an experiment has not been conducted before. We believe that the results of this experiment will influence the theories about the formation of ocean water. [/box] [box color="lgray"]

14:30 Effect of Nitrogen Atom in Maillard Reaction ( Chemistry Club, Ibaraki Prefectural Mito Daiichi High School )

Maillard reaction is a reaction in which the brown substance melanoidin and flavor components are produced by heating amino compounds and reducing sugars. In our previous studies, we have established a method for calculating reaction rate constants for the Maillard reaction, which is a complex reaction, assuming a first-order reaction. In the reaction, it was found that the rate-limiting step is the process in which the nitrogen atom of the amino group bonds with the sugar to form a Schiff base. In this study, we conducted experiments to calculate rate constants for the reaction of glycine, lysine, glutamine, asparagine, histidine, and arginine, which have one, two, three, and four nitrogen atoms in their structures, with glucose. The results suggest that the presence of NH2 in the amino acids has a significant effect on the reaction rate. [/box] [box color="lgray"]

14:40 Why does the root end of garlic split at 10:30 ( Aizu Gakuho Junior & Senior High School, Fukushima, SSH Exploration Division, Split Team )

In recent years, vegetable cultivation in factories has attracted much attention. In factory cultivation, where various conditions can be optimized, this study was conducted to clarify factors affecting somatic cell division at root tips and to further increase productivity. Garlic was used as experimental material. Three test zones were set up for temperature and sunlight, each based on optimal conditions for cultivation. Root end harvesting and fixation times were set every two hours based on 10:30 a.m. Samples prepared by the crush method were examined to determine the percentage of cells in mitosis at each time point. Two conclusions are as follows.

1. Two peaks are seen at 8:30 and 20:30, with no peak at 10:30.
2. Somatic cell division at root tips is strongly influenced by sunlight conditions.

14:50 Development of New Environmental Materials to Protect Production Areas from High Summer Temperatures ( Agricultural Club of Shizuoka Prefectural Fugakukan High School )

Global warming is reducing the yield and quality of summer crops. We wondered if AHX, which is resistant to environmental stress, could be used to produce tomatoes that would not be affected by high temperatures. When we subjected tomato seeds to high temperature stress at 35°C and examined germination rates, we found that tomatoes in the AHX zone had a 70% germination rate, 1.7 times higher than those in the non-treated zone, and that the roots in the AHX zone grew without stress. We focused on paper sludge, a waste material from the local paper industry, as a medium for incorporating AHX, and devised and developed AHX chips (1 grain: 1 cm, mass: 1 g, paper sludge carbonized and soaked in AHX). We succeeded in increasing the yield of the AHX chip zone under high temperature stress and in elucidating the mechanism. [/box]

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If you find a topic that interests you, please come to the venue to attend the presentation. We would appreciate your cooperation in registering as early as possible in order to prepare the abstract book and other materials to be distributed on the day of the conference.
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